Mental Health Stigma

Understanding Mental Health Stigma

According to the Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand, one in five Kiwis will experience a mental health challenge in any given year. Recent data also suggests a rising trend in loneliness across Aotearoa, which carries a significant personal and community cost. These figures highlight that mental health stigma remains a pervasive issue, often leading to discrimination and isolation that can worsen existing challenges.

Stigma refers to negative associations with a specific subject, such as mental health. This is often driven by misleading media portrayals or societal misconceptions. It is also possible to internalise these attitudes, leading to self stigma where an individual begins to believe negative stereotypes about themselves.

In our local communities, we understand that health is more than just the absence of illness. The concept of Hauora reminds us that when one part of our lives is affected by stigma, it impacts our overall balance.

Beyond mental health, other characteristics are frequently subject to stigma, including:

• Physical appearance such as weight or height

• Race and ethnicity

• Sexual orientation and gender identity

• Social class

• Disability

Types of Stigma

Stigma manifests in various forms within our society and workplaces:

• Public stigma:

Attitudes that emerge in wider society, often influenced by how mental health is shown in the media.

• Self stigma:

When an individual internalises public stigma, leading to feelings of shame.

• Perceived stigma:

The belief that others will judge you negatively for a specific trait.

• Label avoidance:

Distancing oneself from a group or avoiding professional support to escape a stigmatised label.

• Structural stigma:

Organisational policies or cultural norms that inadvertently disadvantage certain groups.

• Health practitioner stigma:

When a professional’s own stereotypes interfere with providing proper care.

• Associative stigma:

Receiving criticism due to a connection with someone who has a stigmatised trait.

Ways to Address Stigma

Building a culture of openness is one of the most effective ways to destigmatise mental health issues. Whether you are supporting a friend or looking after your own wellbeing, several strategies can help:

Research and Education:

Taking the time to understand different mental health conditions helps reduce judgemental thinking and replaces misconceptions with facts. Understanding the "four walls" of Te Whare Tapa Whā helps us see the whole person.

• Encourage Advocacy:

Advocating for those who need support involves calling out poor behaviour or exclusionary language in a professional and calm manner. Standing up for your mahi mates helps create a safer environment for everyone.

• Utilise Support Systems:

Engaging with an Employee Assistance Program (EAP) provides a confidential space to discuss challenges. In New Zealand, you can also speak with your GP or call or text 1737 at any time to talk with a trained counsellor for free.

• Empowerment:

Recognising unique strengths and adapting daily patterns, such as flexible hours or regular check ins, can help individuals feel empowered and accommodated.

Navigating Conversations

Navigating conversations about mental health can feel daunting, yet these interactions are the foundation of a supportive culture. When a friend or colleague chooses to disclose a personal struggle, the most effective response is rooted in active listening rather than immediate problem solving. You do not need to be a clinical expert to provide meaningful support, simply acknowledging an experience without judgement can significantly reduce the weight of perceived stigma.

To facilitate a supportive dialogue, consider these practical approaches:

• Ask open ended questions:

Use phrases like, "How can I best support you right now?" or "Would you like to discuss any adjustments that might make things easier?"

• Focus on practical needs:

Shift the conversation from a "diagnosis" to how the person is coping with their environment and what tools they need to succeed.

• Maintain consistency:

Following up a few days later with a brief, low pressure check in demonstrates that your support is ongoing and sincere.

By normalising these small but impactful exchanges, we collectively dismantle the silence that often surrounds mental health. These micro actions lead to a shift in the broader community narrative, transforming the environment into one where seeking assistance is viewed as a proactive step toward health.

Conclusion

Addressing mental health stigma is essential for ensuring that mental wellbeing is treated with the same priority as physical health. While research continues to move the needle, individual efforts remain the key to lasting change. Ensuring that everyone feels safe turning to a professional for support is the most effective way to ensure stigma is no longer a barrier to recovery.